Monday, October 1, 2012
What Ideologies Are Superheroes? - Authoritarianism
Most superheroes go around risking life and limb to save people they don't know from immense dangers. But does that singular defining trait among all superheroes make them all fall into one singular ideology? You've no doubt heard political pundits say things like "Obama's a socialist" or "He's really more of a Libertarian", but do you know what those ideologies mean? Do they apply to superheroes? Are all Superheroes Socialists? Or Maybe Liberals? Or maybe there's no single answer. After all, there are heroes who have significant nationalist ideologies as part of their beliefs. So in this series of articles I'm going to look into an ideology, summarizing it, and commenting on whether or not it applies to the idea of superheroes and maybe some specific superheroes, if I find any that apply. The ideologies I'll be looking at over the next few weeks are: Socialism, Liberalism, Conservatism, Libertarianism, Utilitarianism, and Authoritarianism.
In this article, are Superheroes Authoritarian?
What is Authoritarianism?
(Summarized from Wikipedia)
Authoritarianism is a form of social organization which demands everyone submit to authority and its administration, and political authority is concentrated to a small group of politicians. It is often seen as the direct opposite of libertarianism and individualism. Authoritarianism is frequently characterized by highly concentrated and centralized power usually maintained by political repression. It emphasizes arbitrary law rather than rule of law, and often includes election rigging, political decisions being made by a select group of officials behind closed doors, a bureaucracy that will operate independently of rules, and a failure to provide civil liberties to its citizens. Leadership tends to be a single-party state with an indefinite political tenure and difficult to remove regardless of the citizens' choice. A range of social controls are often in place to stifle civil society while stability is maintained by control over and support of the armed forces and the creation of allegiance through various means of socialization and indoctrination.
Are Superheroes Authoritarian?
As a whole, no. There is one notable exception, Judge Dredd, a law enforcement officer in a future authoritarian America, whose comic often explores the issues of authoritarianism, police states, rule of law. And authoritarianism does appear in several comics, where it is often the political system of supervillian rulers like Darkseid of Apokolips and Doctor Doom of Latveria, which is a continuation of superheroes' generally liberal views given the two ideologies opposing view points.
And with that, we're done this series. Join us Wednesday when we look at the presidential candidates' plans for national security and international policy.
~James
Labels:
Authoritarianism,
Ideologies,
Superheroes,
Supervillians
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